The Wedding of Clayton Fotterall McMIchael and Elizabeth Butcher Glendinning

The Philadelphia Inquirer April 19, 1894

Clark Family Naming Dynasties

What's in a Name?

Did you think that the "Stuart Benson Clark" name was the only "naming dynasty" in the family? Think again!  Let's explore some others that reach back to 1700's and trickle down to this day.  

Let's start with the first Clark to come to America from Scotland:

James Clark and his wife Jean Wilson had a son named

(and some daughters but for the sake of space we'll take the direct ancestors)

I

Matthew Clark - he married - Isabella Brackenridge  (they had a son)

I

Matthew Clark - married - Temperence Glenn (they had a son)

I

Robert Breckinridge Clark - married - Sarah Jane Gaither

                                                                                           Robert Breckinridge Clark                       Sarah Jane Gaither

Now here is where all the naming really starts to go crazy with their children Robert Stuart Clark (Stuart is for Sarah Jane's grandmother's last name which was actually "Stewart"); Stuart Gaither Clark (self-explanatory) and Margaret de la Plaux Clark (de la Plaux being a family name from Sarah Jane's mother's side):

                       

                          Robert Stuart Clark

Stuart Gaither Clark

Margaret de la Plaux Clark

Let's start with the descendants of Stuart Gaither Clark (pictured above) and his (1st) wife Mildred Ernst:

Stuart Gaither Clark, III

Stuart Gaither Clark, IV

Stuart Gaither Clark, Jr., Stuart and his wife Beulah had a son and named him... Stuart Gaither Clark, III

Stuart Gaither Clark, III and his wife Dona June had a son, and guess what they named him?  Stuart Gaither Clark, IV

Stuart Gaither Clark, IV also had a son...and you guessed it, he named him Stuart Gaither Clark, V... So it appears as if that line has us beat with their naming dynasty.

Now let us take a look at good old Margaret de la Plaux Clark...she married Harvey Gilmer Mudd and only had one child, Stuart Mudd...his naming dynasty kept the Stuart and the Margaret names for generations...

       

Margaret de la Plaux Clark Mudd

Harvey Gilmer Mudd

Stuart Mudd & wife Emily

And last but not least, let's take a look at Robert Stuart Clark and his wife Anne "Nannie" Garnett Emory's naming dynasty:

Robert Stuart Clark

Anne "Nannie" G. Emory

R.S. and Nannie had four children...Theodosia Breckinridge Clark, named for Nannie's mother Theodosia Blakey Garnett and carrying over the Breckinridge name; Stuart Benson Clark (See: SBC Name ); Eleanor Gaither Clark (self explanatory); Breckinridge Tompkins Clark, the Tompkins taken from Sarah Ann Tompkins,  her mother's mother.

Starting with Theodosia, she married at age 44, Hubert Hastings Burke and from what I know they had no children.

Next in line is Stuart Benson Clark who married Elisabeth McMichael.  They had three children: Anne Glendinning Clark (Glendinning for Elisabeth's mother Elizabeth Butcher Glendinning) and Emory McMichael Clark (for Elisabeth's uncle Emory McMichael but also could have been for Anne Garnett Emory's family...you have a double name whammy there!) who spawned their own naming dynasties, and Stuart Benson Clark, Jr., who named his son Stuart Benson Clark, III, StubClark3 then skipped a generation but kept the family name of Matthew (incidentally and perhaps by accident the middle name of "Tyson" is a family name on the McMichael side of this Clark family), and lastly (for now) we have Stuart Benson Clark, IV, or "Benny".  

                                 

                                      Stuart Benson Clark

Stuart Benson Clark, Jr.

Stuart Benson Clark, III

Edit:  I will also add the rest of Stuart Benson Clark, Jr. and Patricia Rodgers' children and their names in case anyone is interested:

Richard Rodgers Clark, named after Patricia Rodgers father; John Westcott Clark, named for Patricia's mother's family name of Westcott (Jeanne Elise Westcott); Patterson Clark...I am guessing a variation of Patricia...she just might be totally original on that one; Clayton McMichael Clark, named for Elisabeth McMichael's father Clayton Fotteral McMichael and grandfather, Clayton McMichael (also her brother's name).

Moving on to Breckinridge Tompkins Clark who married Alice Taylor.  Together they had three children:  Robert Stuart Clark (after his father); David Taylor Clark; and Breckinridge Tompkins Clark, Jr.  Still searching for his children's children...

Breckinridge Tompkins Clark

And lastly, Eleanor Gaither Clark who married Washington Irving Bullard (1st) and had two children:  Mary Ann Bullard and Sarah "Sally" Clark Bullard. After Washington's death Eleanor married secondly  Dr. Henry Lee Sloan.  

                            

                                   Eleanor Gaither Clark

Washington Irving Bullard

Mary Ann Bullard

It seems the Clark family and others typically kept their family names (first and last!) and passed them down from generation to generation. When deciding on names, the current family should throw in an Isabella, a Gaither, or a Breckinridge just to mix it up a little!  For other family names to consider, ask for an invitation to the Family Tree, you might come across something really unique yet is still a family name. 

Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk

Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk 

(1443 – 21 May 1524)

Styled Earl of Surrey from 1483 to 1485 and again from 1489 to 1514, was the only son of John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk, by his first wife, Katherine Moleyns. 

The Duke was the grandfather of both Queen Anne Boleyn and Queen Catherine Howard and the great grandfather of Queen Elizabeth I. He served four monarchs as a soldier and statesman.

     

1) Queen Anne Boleyn (2nd wife of Henry VIII)
2) Queen Catherine Howard (5th wife of Henry VIII)
3) Queen Elizabeth I (daughter of Anne Boleyn and Henry VIII)
4) Mary Boleyn (sister of Anne and mistress of Henry VIII, debatable mother of two children by him)

Early life

Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk, was born in 1443 at Stoke-by-Nayland, Suffolk, the only surviving son of John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk, by his first wife, Katherine, the daughter of William Moleyns (d. 8 June 1425) and his wife Margery. He was educated at Thetford Grammar School.

Service under Edward IV

King Edward IV

While a youth he entered the service of King Edward IV as a henchman. Howard took the King's side when war broke out in 1469 with the Earl of Warwick, and took sanctuary at Colchester when the King fled to Holland in 1470. Howard rejoined the royal forces at Edward's return to England in 1471, and was severely wounded at the Battle of Barnet on 14 April 1471.[2] He was appointed an esquire of the body in 1473. On 14 January 1478 he was knighted by Edward IV at the marriage of the King's second son, the young Duke of York, and Lady Anne Mowbray (d.1483).

Service under Richard III

King Richard III

After the death of Edward IV on 9 April 1483, Thomas Howard and his father John supported Richard III's usurpation of the throne. Thomas bore the Sword of State at Richard's coronation, and served as steward at the coronation banquet. Both Thomas and his father were granted lands by the new King, and Thomas was also granted an annuity of £1000. On 28 June 1483, John Howard was created Duke of Norfolk, while Thomas was created Earl of Surrey. Surrey was also sworn of the Privy Council and invested with the Order of the Garter. In the autumn of that year Norfolk and Surrey suppressed a rebellion against the King by the Duke of Buckingham. Both Howards remained close to King Richard throughout his two-year reign, and fought for him at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485, where Surrey was wounded and taken prisoner, and his father killed. Surrey was attainted in the first Parliament of the new King, Henry VII, stripped of his lands, and committed to the Tower of London, where he spent the next three years.

A painting by Mather Brown depicting Norfolk 
defending his allegiance to Richard III before 
Henry VII after the Battle of Bosworth Field

Service under Henry VII

King Henry VII

Howard was offered an opportunity to escape during the rebellion of the Earl of Lincoln in 1487, but refused, perhaps thereby convincing Henry VII of his loyalty. In May 1489 Henry restored him to the earldom of Surrey, although most of his lands were withheld, and sent him to quell a rebellion in Yorkshire. Surrey remained in the north as the King's lieutenant until 1499. In 1499 he was recalled to court, and accompanied the King on a state visit to France in the following year. In 1501 he was again appointed a member of the Council, and on 16 June of that year was made Lord High Treasurer. Surrey, Bishop Richard Foxe, the Lord Privy Seal, and Archbishop William Warham, the Lord Chancellor, became the King's 'executive triumvirate'. He was entrusted with a number of diplomatic missions. In 1501 he was involved in the negotiations for Catherine of Aragon's marriage to Arthur, Prince of Wales, and in 1503 conducted Margaret Tudor to Scotland for her wedding to King James IV.

    

1) Arthur, Prince of Wales
2) Katherine of Aragon (also 1st wife of Henry VIII)
3) Margaret Tudor
4) King James IV

Service under Henry VIII

King Henry VIII

Cardinal Thomas Wolsey

Surrey was an executor of the will of King Henry VII when the King died on 21 April 1509, and played a prominent role in the coronation of King Henry VIII, in which he served as Earl Marshal. He challenged Thomas Wolsey in an effort to become the new King's first minister, but eventually accepted Wolsey's supremacy. Surrey expected to lead the 1513 expedition to France, but was left behind when the King departed for Calais on 30 June 1513. Shortly thereafter James IV launched an invasion, and Surrey, with the aid of other noblemen and his sons Thomas and Edmund, crushed James's much larger force near Branxton, Northumberland, on 9 September 1513 at the Battle of Flodden. The Scots may have lost as many as 10,000 men, and King James was killed. The victory at Flodden brought Surrey great popular renown and royal rewards. On 1 February 1514 he was created Duke of Norfolk, and his son Thomas was made Earl of Surrey. Both were granted lands and annuities, and the Howard arms were augmented in honor of Flodden with an escutcheon bearing the lion of Scotland pierced through the mouth with an arrow.

Norfolk's Coat of Arms
with augmentation

Final Years

Mary Tudor

In the final decade of his life, Norfolk continued his career as a courtier, diplomat and soldier. In 1514 he joined Wolsey and Foxe in negotiating the marriage of Mary Tudor to King Louis XII of France, and escorted her to France for the wedding. On 1 May 1517 he led a private army of 1300 retainers into London to suppress the Evil May Day riots. In May 1521 he presided as Lord High Steward over the trial of Edward Stafford, 3rd Duke of Buckingham. According to Head, 'he pronounced the sentence of death with tears streaming down his face'.

King Louis the XII of France

By the spring of 1522, Norfolk was almost 80 years of age and in failing health. He withdrew from court, resigned as Lord Treasurer in favor of his son in December of that year, and after attending the opening of Parliament in April 1523, retired to his ducal castle at Framlingham in Suffolk where he died on 21 May 1524. His funeral and burial on 22 June at Thetford Priory were said to have been 'spectacular and enormously expensive, costing over £1300 and including a procession of 400 hooded men bearing torches and an elaborate bier surmounted with 100 wax effigies and 700 candles', befitting the richest and most powerful peer in England. After the dissolution of Thetford Priory, the Howard tombs were moved to the Church of St Michael the Archangel, Framlingham. A now-lost monumental brass depicting the 2nd Duke was formerly in the Church of St. Mary at Lambeth.

Marriages and issue

Elizabeth Tilney

On 30 April 1472 Howard married Elizabeth Tilney, the daughter of Sir Frederick Tilney of Ashwellthorpe, Norfolk, and widow of Sir Humphrey Bourchier, slain at Barnet, son and heir apparent of Sir John Bourchier, 1st Baron Berners. They had issue:

Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk
Sir Edward Howard
Lord Edmund Howard*, father of Henry VIII's fifth Queen, Catherine Howard
Sir John Howard
Henry Howard
Charles Howard
Henry Howard (the younger)
Richard Howard
Elizabeth Howard, married Thomas Boleyn, 1st Earl of Wiltshire, and was mother of Queen Anne Boleyn, and grandmother of Queen Elizabeth.
Muriel Howard (d.1512), married firstly John Grey, Viscount Lisle (d.1504), and secondly Sir Thomas Knyvet

Norfolk's first wife died on 4 April 1497, and on 8 November 1497 he married, by dispensation dated 17 August 1497, her cousin, Agnes Tilney, the daughter of Hugh Tilney of Skirbeck and Boston, Lincolnshire and Eleanor, a daughter of Walter Tailboys. 

Pop culture

Watch your ancestors in all their scheming glory, from pretty accurate, to entertaining, to pure, unadulterated crap...but may also be entertaining:

• Wolf Hall (BBC Mini Series and Royal Shakespeare Company Play)
• The Six Wives of Henry VIII (BBC TV Series/PBS Masterpiece Theater)
• The White Queen (BBC series based on an historical novel/Starz)
• Anne of the Thousand Days (Film 1969, Oscar winning)
• Elizabeth (Film, 1998, Oscar nominated)
• The Other Boleyn Girl (Films, 2003, 2008, based on an historical novel of the same name)
• The Tudors (TV series, Showtime)
• Reign (TV Series, The CW) (This is the pure crap I was referring to)

John Howard, 1st Duke of Norfolk
SBC's 13x Great Grandfather

How are the Clarks related?

Stuart Benson Clark =>Robert Stuart Clark=>Sarah Jane Gaither=>Stewart Gaither=>Henry Gaither=>Sarah Howard=>Joseph Howard=>Cornelius Howard=>Matthew Howard=>Thomas Arundell-Howard=>Matthew Arundell-Howard=>Margaret Howard=>Lord Edmund Howard*=>Thomas Howard, 2nd Duke of Norfolk  (12x Great Grandfather of SBC)

Matilda of Scotland, Queen of England

Matilda Edith Canmore of Scotland

Matilda (Edith) Canmore of Scotland, Queen of England

"It causes pleasure to see the queen whom no woman equals in beauty of body or face, hiding her body, nevertheless, in a veil of loose clothing. Here alone, with new modesty, wishes to conceal it, but what gleams with its own light cannot be hidden and the sun, penetrating his clouds, hurls his rays." She also had "fluent, honeyed speech."

-Marbodius of Rennes 

Born: c. 1080 Dumferline, Scotland
Died: 1 May 1118 (aged 38) Westminster Palace
Buried: Westminster Abbey
House: House of Dunkeld

King Malcolm Canmore III, of Scotland
and St. Margaret of Scotland

Matilda was born around 1080 in  Dunfermline, Scotland, the daughter of Malcolm III of Scotland and Saint Margaret of Scotland. She was christened Edith, and Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy, stood as godfather at the ceremony. The English queen was also present at the baptismal font and served as her godmother. Baby Matilda pulled at Queen Matilda's headdress, which was seen as an omen that the younger Matilda would be queen one day.

The Life of St Margaret, Queen of Scotland was later written for Matilda possibly by Turgot of Durham. It refers to Matilda's childhood and her relationship with her mother. In it, Margaret is described as a strict but loving mother. She did not spare the rod when it came to raising her children in virtue, which the author presupposed was the reason for the good behavior Matilda and her siblings displayed, and Margaret also stressed the importance of piety.

Christina Aetheling, Abess

When she was about six years old, Matilda of Scotland (or Edith as she was then probably still called) and her sister Mary were sent to Romsey Abbey, near Southampton in southern England, where their aunt Christina was abbess. During her stay at Romsey and, some time before 1093, at Wilton both institutions known for learning, the Scottish princess was much sought-after as a bride; refusing proposals from William de Warrenne, 2nd Earl of Surrey and Alan Rufus, Lord of Richmond. Hériman of Tournai claimed that William II of England considered marrying her. Her education went beyond the standard feminine pursuits. This was not surprising as her mother was a great lover of books. Her daughters learned English, French, and some Latin, and were sufficiently literate to read Augustine of Hippo and the Bible.

Alan Rufus, Lord of Richmond

In 1093, her parents betrothed her to Alan Rufus, Lord of Richmond, one of her numerous suitors. However, before the marriage took place, her father entered into a dispute with William Rufus. In response, he marauded the English king's lands where he was surprised by Robert de Mowbray, Earl of Northumbria and killed along with his son, Edward. Upon hearing of her husband and son's death, Margaret, already ill, died on 16 November. Edith was now an orphan. She was abandoned by her betrothed who ran off with a daughter of Harold Godwinson, Gunhild of Wessex. However, he died before they could be married.

She had left the monastery by 1093, when Anselm, Archbishop of Canterbury, wrote to the Bishop of Salisbury ordering that the daughter of the King of Scotland be returned to the monastery that she had left. She did not return to Wilton and until 1100, is largely unaccounted for in chronicles.

Marriage

Henry I, King of England

After William II's death in the New Forest in August 1100, his brother, Henry, immediately seized the royal treasury and crown. His next task was to marry and Henry's choice was Matilda. Because Matilda had spent most of her life in a convent, there was some controversy over whether she was a nun and thus canonically ineligible for marriage. Henry sought permission for the marriage from Archbishop Anselm, who returned to England in September 1100 after a long exile. Professing himself unwilling to decide so weighty a matter on his own, Anselm called a council of bishops in order to determine the canonical legality of the proposed marriage. Matilda testified that she had never taken holy vows, insisting that her parents had sent her and her sister to England for educational purposes, and her aunt Cristina had veiled her to protect her "from the lust of the Normans." Matilda claimed she had pulled the veil off and stamped on it, and her aunt beat and scolded her for this act. The council concluded that Matilda was not a nun, never had been and her parents had not intended that she become one, giving their permission for the marriage.

Matilda and Henry seem to have known one another for some time before their marriage — William of Malmesbury states that Henry had "long been attached" to her, and Orderic Vitalis says that Henry had "long adored" her character. It is possible that Matilda had spent some time at William Rufus's court and that the pair had met there. It is also possible Henry was introduced to his bride by his teacher Bishop Osmund. Whatever the case, it is clear that the two at least knew each other prior to their wedding. Additionally, the chronicler William of Malmesbury suggests that the new king loved his bride.

St. Margaret of Scotland

Matilda's mother was the sister of Edgar the Ætheling, proclaimed but uncrowned King of
England after Harold, and, through her mother, Matilda was descended from Edmund Ironside and thus from the royal family of Wessex, which in the 10th century had become the royal family of a united England. This was extremely important because although Henry had been born in England, he needed a bride with ties to the ancient Wessex line to increase his popularity with the English and to reconcile the Normans and Anglo-Saxons. In their children, the two factions would be united, further unifying the new regime. Another benefit was that England and Scotland became politically closer; three of Matilda's brothers became kings of Scotland in succession and were unusually friendly towards England during this period of unbroken peace between the two nations: Alexander married one of Henry I's illegitimate daughters and David lived at Henry's court for some time before his accession.

Matilda had a small dower but it did incorporate some lordship rights. Most of her dower estates were granted from lands previously held by Edith of Wessex. Additionally, Henry made numerous grants on his wife including substantial property in London. Generosity aside, this was a political move in order to win over the unruly Londoners who were vehement supporters of the Wessex kings.

Queen

After Matilda and Henry were married on 11 November 1100 at Westminster Abbey by Archbishop Anselm of Canterbury, she was crowned as "Matilda," a hallowed Norman name. By courtiers, however, she and her husband were soon nicknamed 'Godric and Godiva'. These two names were typical English names from before The Conquest and mocked their more rustic style, especially when compared to the flamboyance of William II.

Matilda

William, Adelin

She gave birth to a daughter, Matilda, born in February 1102, and a son, William, called "Adelin", in November 1103. As queen, she resided primarily at Westminster, but accompanied her husband on his travels around England, and, circa 1106–1107, probably visited Normandy with him. Matilda was the designated head of Henry's curia and acted as regent during his frequent absences.

During the English investiture controversy (1103-07), she acted as intercessor between her husband and archbishop Anselm. She wrote several letters during Anselm's absence, first asking him for advice and to return, but later increasingly to mediate.

Works

Waltham Abbey

Matilda had great interest in architecture and instigated the building of many Norman-style buildings, including Waltham Abbey and Holy Trinity Aldgate.. She also had the first arched bridge in England built, at Stratford-le-Bow, as well as a bathhouse with piped-in water and public lavatories at Queenhithe.

Her court was filled with musicians and poets; she commissioned a monk, possibly Thurgot, to write a biography of her mother, Saint Margaret. She was an active queen and, like her mother, was renowned for her devotion to religion and the poor. William of Malmesbury describes her as attending church barefoot at Lent, and washing the feet and kissing the hands of the sick. Matilda exhibited a particular interest in leprosy, founding at least two leper hospitals, including the institution that later became the parish church of St Giles-in-the-Fields. She also administered extensive dower properties and was known as a patron of the arts, especially music.

Westminster Abbey

Death

After Matilda died on 1 May 1118 at Westminster Palace, she was buried at Westminster Abbey. The death of her son, William Adelin, in the tragic disaster of the White Ship* (November 1120) and Henry's failure to produce a legitimate son from his second marriage led to the succession crisis of The Anarchy.

*The White Ship Disaster

The White Ship sinking

The White Ship was a vessel that sank in the English Channel near the Normandy coast off Barfleur, on 25 November 1120. Only two of those aboard survived. Those who drowned included William Adelin, the only surviving legitimate son and heir of King Henry I of England. William Adelin's death led to a succession crisis and a period of civil war in England known as the Anarchy. 

Legacy

After her death, she was remembered by her subjects as "Matilda the Good Queen" and "Matilda of Blessed Memory", and for a time sainthood was sought for her, though she was never canonized. Matilda is also thought to be the identity of the "Fair Lady" mentioned at the end of each verse in the nursery rhyme London Bridge Is Falling Down. The post-Norman conquest English monarchs to the present day are related to the Anglo-Saxon House of Wessex monarchs via Matilda of Scotland as she was the great-granddaughter of King Edmund Ironside, see House of Wessex family tree.

Issue

Matilda and Henry had issue

1. Euphemia (July/August 1101), died young

2. Matilda of England (c. February 1102 – 10 September 1167), Holy Roman Empress,        Countess consort of Anjou, called Lady of the English

3. William Adelin, (5 August 1103 – 25 November 1120), sometimes called Duke of Normandy, who married Matilda (d.1154), daughter of Fulk V, Count of Anjou.

4. Elizabeth (August/September 1104), died young

How is Matilda related to the Clarks?

Stuart Benson Clark>Anne Garnett Emory>Theodosia Blakey Garnett>Reuben B. Garnett>Elizabeth Rogers>Joseph Rogers>Peter Rogers>Giles Rogers>John Rogers>Thomas Rogers>Thomas Matthew Rogers>Bernard Rogers>Rev. John Rogers>Thomas John Rogers>Thomas John Rogers, Sr.>Thomas Rogers>John FitzRogers>John FitzRogers>Elizabeth DeHoland>Maude La Zouche>Alan La Zouche>Eleanor Longespee>Stephen Longespee>William Longespee>Henry II Plantaganet, King og England>Matilda (Maude), Queen of England> Matilda (Edith) Canmore of Scotland, Queen of England (25th Great Grandmother of SBC)

Matilda of Scotland